Cat Adoption Checklist: What a New Kitty Needs

Adopting a cat is exciting. Whether you're a first-time adopter or adding another feline to your home, doing a little planning ahead will help you understand how to support your new companion — both physically and emotionally. We’ve put together a cat adoption checklist to help you every step of the way.

Before choosing a cat based on a cute face alone, you might think about how a cat fits into your life, not just your home. Keep in mind cats don’t always share their true personalities in a shelter environment. That’s OK. Talk to shelter staff or foster caregivers — they can offer insights. And remember that adopting a cat rather than purchasing one is absolutely the right move. That simple action helps ensure that no pet is killed in a shelter simply because they don’t have a safe place to call home.

Lifestyle compatibility checklist — questions to consider:

• What is your daily schedule and activity level?
• Do you have a preference for a calm adult cat versus high-energy kittens?
• Do you want a lap cat or a playful explorer?
• Can you take two cat friends who keep each other company?
• Do you want a quiet, independent cat or one who’s social and interactive?

“While it’s good to consider all those things, the most important thing is to feel a connection to the cat,” says Samantha Bell, Best Friends cat expert. “Every cat is an individual. You can have two kittens who do all the same kitten things, raised in the same household, and as they mature, one can become more shy and the other more outgoing. Cats are who they are despite us. So consider choosing a cat who you connect with emotionally. Why might we connect with one cat more than another? Who knows?”

Here’s a checklist of items to get before bringing your cat home:

◻ Cozy bedding or blanket

◻ Hiding spot — this can be as simple as a cardboard box

◻ Litter box and unscented litter

◻ Food and water bowls

◻ Cat food — start with what the shelter used

◻ Toys — a wand toy is the best for building confidence and bonding

◻ Scratching post or pad

◻ Carrier for safe travel

Tip: Set up a quiet “safe room” for your cat to stay in for the first few days with all the above.

A newly adopted cat will likely need some time to decompress and settle into their new life. They might not show their true personality right away, and don’t expect instant bonding — build trust over time. Allow them to hide; it's a healthy behavior, not a problem. Be patient and let them adjust on their own timeline.

“People think of hiding as something negative, but hiding is enrichment,” Samantha says. “Cats in the wild hide. So when we let our cats hide, we're letting them do a natural, instinctive thing. Hiding shouldn't be looked at as something negative — it feels good for them. In fact, if we provide cats with places to hide, especially right away, then they will choose to hide in those places instead of under furniture. If they want to hide, that is totally fine. Then you let them hide. And the more you let them hide, the less they will hide, also, because they won’t need to.”

Also, keep in mind that adopted cats might have had multiple homes or traumatic experiences. They might need more consistency, gentleness, and time. And they thrive in environments where their needs are respected, not imposed. “Don’t force anything,” Samantha says. “Let them call the shots.”

When you first bring home your new cat, do this right away:

• Start with a small space (like a bedroom) before giving full access to the house.
• Let them explore at their own pace.
• Keep routines consistent (e.g., feeding, litter box location).
• Set up a vet “intro visit”— not urgent but helps in case of emergencies later.

Also, ask the shelter staff what food your cat was eating. Then, you can gradually transition to your preferred food. Start with 1/4 new food to 3/4 old food, and slowly increase the amount of new food over a week. Sudden food changes could bring upset stomach and diarrhea.

Want them in bed? Lure them with toys or treats — but don’t force them. And never use the bed for anything unpleasant (like nail trims or giving medication). Don’t want them in your room? Keep the door closed from day one.

Cats aren’t just floor dwellers — they’re natural climbers and observers. Giving your adopted cat vertical space is one of the best ways to help them feel secure, confident, and enriched in your home.

Vertical space offers cats a sense of control and safety. Whether it’s the top of a cat tree, a window perch, a shelf, or just a blanket on a table, elevated spots allow cats to build confidence gradually by navigating their surroundings on their own terms. They can observe their environment from a safe distance and avoid interactions when they’re overstimulated.

Great vertical options include:

• Tall cat trees or condos
• Wall-mounted shelves or catwalks
• Window hammocks or perches
• The top of furniture (add a cozy blanket)

You don’t need a large home — even one well-placed shelf or perch can make a huge difference for a cat’s emotional adjustment.

Pair vertical space with nearby hiding spots or boxes, so your cat can choose between being high, low, or tucked away — all essential for emotional well-being, especially in those first few days after adoption.

One common concern new adopters have is about litter box training. But the good news is it's rarely an issue with adopted cats.

“With litter box training, I don’t even think it’s a thing. I don’t think it’s needed,” Samantha says.

Most cats are already using a litter box regularly, and even kittens can catch on to using one in just a matter of days. It’s instinctual, not something they have to be taught.

Simple tips for litter box success:

• Place the box in a quiet, low-traffic area.
• Keep it scooped daily (takes just a minute or two).
• Use unscented litter at least at first — cats have sensitive noses.
• Provide one litter box per cat, plus one extra if possible (especially in multi-cat homes).

Bonus tip: If your cat does have an accident, don’t panic — it's usually due to stress or a medical issue, not "bad behavior." Address the root cause calmly, and consult your vet if it continues.

With just a little consistency, litter box maintenance becomes second nature, and your cat will thank you with good habits and a clean home.

Your adopted cat’s emotional health matters just as much as their physical health.

Let them hide and come to you on their own terms. When your cat is ready to interact with you, use positive reinforcement (e.g., treats, play, brushing if they enjoy it) to help build your relationship. Also, minimize loud noises and strong scents. And watch their body language closely to note and avoid stressors.

Be patient and respectful. Your job is to provide safety and routine, and every cat adjusts on their own timeline. You can find more tips at bestfriends.org/resources to keep your cat healthy and happy at home.

By providing a calm, predictable environment — and letting your cat lead the way — you’re setting the stage for a happy, trusting relationship that will last for years.